The objective of this study was to evaluate production, chemical composition, and estimates of total solids and fatty acid profile of milk from 1/2 Lacaune × 1/2 Ile de France ewes fed control and soybean seeds-supplemented diets. Additionally, Roquefort type cheese was also produced and subjected to sensory analysis. Twenty four 1/2 Lacaune × 1/2 Ile de France ewes were divided into three groups and fed a control diet and diets containing 70 and 140 g kg-1 soybean as fed, during the lactation period. The remainder milk was used to produce Roquefort cheese. The experimental design was completely randomized, with three treatments (0, 70, and 140 g of soybean kg-1 as fed) and eight repetitions. The diets did not affect significantly the performance (56.72 kg post-birth weight; 62.63 kg weight after 56 lactation days; 2.03 kg day-1 dry matter intake; 0.11 kg average daily weight gain), or milk production (443.61 mL day-1), density (1.035 g mL-1), acidity (19.33 °D), and pH (6.41) of lactating ewes. Milk chemical composition was (per 100 g of milk): 14.86 g total solids, 9.84 g solids not fat, 4.98 g protein, 4.14 g casein, 5.03 g fat, and 4.11 g lactose. Saturated (72.07 g/100 g of fat), monounsaturated (21.48 g/100 g of fat) and polyunsaturated (6.37 g/100 g of fat) fatty acids were not significantly different. However, the polyunsaturated linoleic acid was significantly different in the milk from ewes fed the diet containing 140 g of soybean kg-1 as fed (5.58 g/100 g of fat) compared with those fed the control diet and 70 g of soybean kg-1 as fed (3.82 g/100 g of fat). The Roquefort type cheese had excellent acceptance by the panel. The highest cheese yield was obtained with the milk from ewes fed diets containing 70 g kg-1 soybean as fed. A diet containing 140 g kg-1 soybean as fed is recommended as it leads to greater linoleic acid content in the ewes milk, improving the lipid fractions and nutritional quality of the milk.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a digestibilidade e o balanço de nitrogênio (BN) do volumoso cana-de-açúcar hidrolisada sob diferentes condições, na alimentação de cordeiros. Foram utilizados 15 cordeiros Ile de France, em média, com 23,5kg de peso corporal. Os tratamentos foram: cana-de-açúcar in natura, cana-de-açúcar hidrolisada com 0,6% de óxido de cálcio (CaO), sob condição aeróbica e cana-de-açúcar hidrolisada, com 0,6% de CaO, sob condição anaeróbica, constituindo um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco repetições por tratamento. Os tratamentos foram fornecidos aos animais, juntamente com o concentrado. Ambas as condições das hidrólises tiveram o intuito de alterar o padrão de fermentação da cana-de-açúcar e, com isso, melhorar a digestibilidade de suas fibras. Os cordeiros foram confinados em baias individuais e a dieta foi fornecida permitindo 10% de sobras. Estas sobras foram amostradas diariamente por cinco dias, bem como as fezes e urina foram coletadas para determinar a digestibilidade e o BN. Foi observado, para cordeiros alimentados com ANA, maior digestibilidade da fibra em detergente neutro, corrigido para proteína e cinzas (57,05%), matéria orgânica (85,39%), hemicelulose (72,09%), maior BN (29,46g dia-1 e 2,78g kg-0,75 dia-1) e taxa de nitrogênio absorvido (3,00g kg-0,75 dia-1), em comparação ao IN (41,17%, 73,76% e 53,80%, 21,39g dia-1, 2,00g kg-0.75 dia-1 e 2,22g kg-0.75 dia-1, respectivamente). Como volumoso, ANA otimiza o balanço de nitrogênio e é mais eficiente em melhorar a digestibilidade de alguns nutrientes, comparado à IN. AER tão eficiente quanto ANA e IN

This study aimed to evaluate the digestibility and nitrogen balance (NB) of lambs fed sugarcane hydrolyzed under different conditions. Fifteen Ile de France lambs at, on average, 23.5kg of body weight were evaluated. Treatments were: in natura sugarcane (IN), sugarcane hydrolyzed using 0.6% calcium oxide (CaO) under aerobic condition (AER), and sugarcane hydrolyzed using 0.6% CaO under anaerobic condition (ANA). Therefore, a completely randomized design was constituted with five replicates per treatment. Treatments were supplied to animals along with concentrate. Both hydrolysis conditions aimed to alter the sugarcane fermentation pattern, therefore improving fiber digestibility. Lambs were housed in individual pens and fed with diet allowing 10% of refusals. Refusals, feces and urine were sampled daily during five days. They were collected to determine the digestibility and NB. A higher digestibility of neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein (57.05%), organic matter (85.39%), hemicellulose (72.09%), NB (29.46g day-1 and 2.78g kg-0.75 day-1) and rate of nitrogen absorbed (3.00g kg-0.75 day-1) were observed for lambs fed with ANA than for those fed IN (41.17%, 73.76%, 53.80%, 21.39g day-1, 2.00g kg-0.75 day-1 and 2.22g kg-0.75 day-1, respectively). As roughage, ANA in the lamb diet, optimizes the nitrogen balance and is more efficient to improve the digestibility of some nutrients compared to IN. Whereas AER was as efficient as ANA and IN

Com o objetivo de avaliar as características nutricionais da carne de cordeiros terminados em confinamento com dietas contendo cana-de-açúcar ou silagem de milho em duas relações volumoso:concentrado (60:40 ou 40:60), utilizaram-se 32 cordeiros Ile de France, não-castrados, com 15 kg de peso corporal distribuídos em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 × 2. Os animais foram confinados em baias individuais e abatidos aos 32 kg. A carne dos cordeiros teve 74,55% de umidade, 19,61% de proteína bruta, 1,04% de cinzas e 51,28 mg/100 g de colesterol. O teor de extrato etéreo foi maior na carne dos cordeiros alimentados com dietas com silagem de milho (3,97%) e na carne daqueles que receberam alimentação mais concentrada (4,02%). Os ácidos graxos em maior concentração na carne dos cordeiros foram C18:1w9 (37,93%), C16:0 (26,41%), C18:0 (17,09%), C14:0 (4,18%) e C18:2w6 (4,00%). A carne dos animais alimentados com dietas contendo cana-de-açúcar apresentou maiores teores dos ácidos C10:0 (0,47%) e C20:4w6 (4,17%) e menores de C16:1w7 (2,02%) e C18:3w3 (0,25%). A dieta com maior quantidade de cana-de-açúcar (60%) promoveu maiores teores dos ácidos C15:0 (0,68%), C17:0 (2,13%) e C20:2 (1,34%) na carne. Dietas contendo cana-de-açúcar ou maior quantidade de volumoso (60%) promovem menor deposição de gordura na carne de cordeiros. O tipo de volumoso tem maior influência no perfil de ácidos graxos da carne de cordeiro em comparação à relação volumoso:concentrado das dietas. Dietas contendo cana-de-açúcar em maiores proporções originam carne com maiores concentrações de ácidos graxos saturados de cadeia ímpar.

The objective of this work was to evaluate nutritional characteristics of meat from lambs finished on feedlot with diets containing sugar cane or corn silage on two roughage:concentrate ratios (60:40 or 40:60). It was used 32 non castrated Ile de France lambs, with 15 kg of body weight distributed in a complete random experimental design in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. The animals were confined in individual stalls and slaughtered at 32 kg. Lamb meats had 74.55% of moisture, 19.61% of crude protein, 1.04% of ash and 51.28 mg/100g of cholesterol. Ether extract was greater in meat of lambs fed corn silage (3.97%) and in the meat of those animals which received more concentrate food (4.02%). Fatty acids at greater concentration in lamb meat were: C18:1w9 (37.93%), C16:0 (26.41%), C18:0 (17.09%), C14:0 (4.18%) and C18:2w6 (4.00%). The meat of lambs fed diets containing sugar cane had higher contents of C10:0 (0.47%) and C20:4w6 (4.17%), and lower contents of C16:1w7 (2.02%) and C18:3w3 (0.25%). Diet with greater amount of sugar cane (60%) promoted more contents of acids C15:0 (0.68%), C17:0 (2.13%) and C20:2 (1.34%) in the meat. Diets with sugar cane or more quantities of roughage (60%) promote lower deposition of fat in lamb meat. Type of roughage has more influence on fatty acid profile of lamb meat when compared to roughage:concentrate ratio of diets. Diets containing higher quantity of sugar cane originate lamb meat with greater concentrations of odd chain saturated fatty acids.

Foram estudados o pH e a temperatura dos músculos Biceps femoris, Longissimus e Triceps brachii de cordeiros "Morada Nova", durante o período de instalação do rigor mortis, e os efeitos da maturação e da injeção de cloreto de cálcio nas características qualitativas destes músculos. Os cordeiros foram abatidos ao atingirem 25kg de peso vivo. O declínio do pH e da temperatura dos músculos foram monitorados durante a instalação do rigor mortis nos tempos 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 e 24 horas após o abate, com as carcaças refrigeradas em câmara fria a 4°C. Após este período, os músculos foram retirados e submetidos aos respectivos tratamentos com posterior determinação da perda de peso durante a cocção e da maciez. A queda do pH para os músculos Biceps femoris e Longissimus mostrou-se dentro da faixa considerada normal para carne ovina, enquanto o músculo Triceps brachii apresentou pH, às 10, 12 e 24 horas, considerado acima da faixa descrita. O declínio da temperatura apresentou-se típico de condições de resfriamento habituais. O tempo de maturação e a injeção de cloreto de cálcio não afetaram a perda de peso durante a cocção. Em relação à maciez, o tempo de maturação nos músculos Biceps femoris e Longissimus propiciou carne mais tenra e a concentração de 0,3M de cloreto de cálcio melhorou a maciez do músculo Longissimus.

Temperature and pH of Biceps femoris, Longissimus and Triceps brachii muscles from ‘Morada Nova' lambs during the rigor mortis and the effects of ageing and calcium chloride injection in qualitative characteristics of these muscles were studied. The lambs were slaughtered with 25kg live weight. The decline of pH and temperature of muscles were monitored during the onset of rigor mortis in times 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 24 hours after slaughter, with the carcasses refrigerated at 4°C. The muscles were removed and submitted to respective treatments with determination of cooking loss and tenderness. The decline of pH from Biceps femoris and Longissimus was tipical normal processs, while Triceps brachii presented pH at 10, 12 and 24 hours considered higher. The decline of temperature was tipical from normal process. The ageing and calcium chloride injection did not affect cooking loss. The ageing in Biceps femoris and Longissimus improved the tenderness while the 0.3M calcium chloride injection only improved tenderness in Longissimus.

O experimento foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar os pesos e porcentagens de órgãos em relação ao peso vivo ao abate (PVA), ao peso de corpo vazio (PCV) e ao peso total dos órgãos (PTO) de cordeiros inteiros 1/2 Ile de France 1/2 Ideal confinados, recebendo dietas com relações volumoso:concentrado de 50:50 e 30:70 e abatidos aos 30 ou 34 kg. Os parâmetros mensurados foram: língua, pulmões com traquéia, coração, fígado, pâncreas, timo, tireóide, adrenal, rins, testículos, baço, diafragma, bexiga, pênis e glândulas anexas. Os resultados obtidos revelaram diferenças entre os pesos ao abate nas porcentagens de língua, coração, pulmões com traquéia, diafragma, pâncreas, tireóide, baço e glândulas anexas em relação ao PVA; nas porcentagens de língua, pulmões com traquéia, fígado, pâncreas, baço e glândulas anexas em relação ao PCV e nas porcentagens de pulmões com traquéia, fígado, pâncreas, tireóide, baço e glândulas anexas em relação ao PTO. Dietas com diferentes relações volumoso:concentrado afetaram apenas as porcentagens de pâncreas em relação ao PVA, ao PCV e ao PTO. Verificaram-se interações entre relação volumoso:concentrado e peso vivo ao abate nos pesos dos pulmões com traquéia, fígado, pâncreas, tireóide e glândulas anexas.

The objective of this research was to evaluate weights and percentages of some organs in relation to live weight at slaughter (LWS), empty body weight (EBW) and total organs production (TOP) of intact 1/2 Ile de France 1/2 Polwarth male lambs. The lambs were finished in feedlot and fed diets with roughage:concentrate ratios of 50:50 and 30:70 and slaughtered at 30 or 34 kg. Tongue, lungs with trachea, heart, liver, pancreas, thymus, thyroid, adrenal, kidneys, testicles, spleen, diaphragm, bladder, penis and accessory glands were measured. Differences among treatments on the percentages in relation to LWS of the following organs: tongue, heart, lungs with trachea, diaphragm, pancreas, thyroid, spleen and accessory glands were observed. In relation to EBW, differences on the percentages of tongue, lungs with trachea, liver, pancreas, spleen and accessory glands were observed. Percentages in relation to TOP of lungs with trachea, liver, pancreas, thyroid, spleen and accessory glands also showed differences among treatments. Pancreas was the only organ that was affected by the diets with different roughage:concentrate ratios, when expressed as a percentage of LWS, EBW or TOP. Interactions between roughage:concentrate ratio and slaughter weight for lungs with trachea, liver, pancreas, thyroid and accessory glands were observed.